Urological Health

Kidney Stones: Causes and Risk Factors

Kidney stones affect about 10-12% of people worldwide, with cases increasing due to changes in diet and lifestyle . These hard mineral deposits form when urine contains high levels of dissolved minerals like calcium oxalate and uric acid that crystallize and stick together . Understanding the causes and risk factors of kidney stones is essential for prevention and effective management . This article explores the main contributors to kidney stone formation, including diet, hydration, medical conditions, medications, genetics, and demographic factors.